Speech Class Essay Research Paper I am free essay sample

Speech Class Essay, Research Paper I am one of those who suffer from butterflies, that uncomfortable feeling in my thorax and tummy, before talking in public. This is non merely a job for myself, but it is besides a common fright and a concern for many people. My intent is to denounce a few kineticss I feel have helped me to go a more effectual talker and to pull off my butterflies. I will turn out to you that strong organic structure linguistic communication makes thoughts and feelings more clear, vigorous and prosecuting. First, I will demo how oculus contact unconsciously engages the audience. Second, I will turn out that vocal accent is the key to a vigorous address. Third, I will corroborate that gestures reinforce the thoughts of the address, doing the address clearer to the audience. I am able to state how good my audience is prosecuting through oculus contact. We will write a custom essay sample on Speech Class Essay Research Paper I am or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Eye contact is non achieved by looking out the window, at the ceiling or floor, or at notes excessively frequently. Good oculus contact does non intend looking over the caputs of people or traveling rapidly from face to face, or even picking out and talking chiefly to one member of the audience who seems interested. Rather, oculus contact means looking into the eyes of a member of the audience and keeping the regard for a minute or two and so looking at other members of the audience in the same manner. Through oculus contact a sense of interaction is enhanced. I have learned through showing my addresss that oculus contact allows me to acquire to cognize and appreciate my audience as persons, as they are given an chance to acquire to cognize and appreciate me. By agencies of oculus contact, I am able to do thoughts and feelings more clear. I am able to find if I am being understood. I can observe marks of involvement or deficiency of comprehension. I feel that I must oculus the audie nce to truly prosecute communicating. Our voices of course convey experiencing. When we suppress our emotions or exert strong will power to command our actions, our voice reflects such activity. We may look composure and even pull off a smiling, but there is uneasiness to our voice that shows the tension. An effectual voice reflects the talker # 8217 ; s true feelings about the thought. A voice that reflects the talker # 8217 ; s personal engagement is by and large vigorous. Harmonizing to Wilbur E. Gilman, a alumnus of Queens College of the City University of New York and writer of The Fundamentalss of Speaking, the talker who develops the accomplishments to command his voice gives his words richer and fuller significances, makes his ideas clearer and more emphasized, brings out contrast in idea, expresses a assortment of feelings, heightens his flood tides and entire consequence. Hypothetically speech production, a traveling object ever attracts attending. This rule is true in public speech production in the sense that a talker can ever number on traveling his vocal accent by take downing or raising his voice to assist him derive or keep the audience’s attending. Vocal accent is valuable for marking the address and supplying assortment. I feel that the effectual voice is vivacious, forceful, and varied. A voice that is alive is filled with the exhilaration and enthusiasm, which the talker feels. In Franklin Roosevelt’s â€Å"fireside chats† , I can see the importance of vocal accent. Roosevelt’s talking on the wireless seemed self-generated and intimate, as though he was in the life room with his listening audience. Therefore, I feel that through modulating my voice, I am able to set up the temper I want and my thoughts expeditiously. Gestures reinforce the thoughts of the address and as a consequence attention deficit disorder lucidity to the address. Gestures should be kept simple and natural, so that they add to the address non take away from it. Our self-generated gestures, which are merely a contemplation of our interior feelings, stimulate others to experience as we do. There is an old expression # 8220 ; Tie a German # 8217 ; s custodies and he can non talk # 8221 ; . I believe this expression is filled with truth when applied non to Germans entirely, but besides to talkers in general. Gestures assistance in adding description to thoughts. For case, when the fisherman tells us with the usage of his custodies that he caught one # 8221 ; so long # 8221 ; , the attach toing gesture classifies our thought of the size of his gimmick. Besides, gestures, such as the clinched fist and pointed finger, give accent to of import points or to the talker # 8217 ; s feelings about certain thoughts. If gestures are i ntegrated with what is being said, they add lucidity to the address. In decision, I have defined good oculus contact and I have discussed how this oculus contact helps to prosecute the audience in communicating. I have showed how vocal accent of course conveys feeling and makes the address more vigorous. Besides, I have proven that when gestures are use expeditiously, they reinforce the thoughts of the address by adding lucidity to what is being said. The key to going an efficient talker is body linguistic communication. Eye contact, vocal accent, and gestures combined can assist a talker non merely to clear up and stress points, to propose significance, or to make an appropriate temper, but besides to let go of tenseness and do him experience more comfy while talking. Eye Contact, Vocal Emphasis, And Gestures Are Necessary For an Engaging, Vigorous, And Clear Address

Gandhis Salt March of 1930

Gandhi's Salt March of 1930 What Was Gandhis Salt March? The much-publicized, 24-day, 240-mile Salt March began on March 12, 1930, when 61-year-old Mohandas Gandhi led an ever-growing group of followers from the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad to the Arabian Sea at Dandi, India. Upon arriving at the beach in Dandi on the morning of April 6, 1930, loincloth-clad Gandhi reached down and scooped up a lump of salt and held it high. This was the beginning of a country-wide boycott of the salt tax, imposed upon the people of India by the British Empire. The Salt March, also known as the Dandi March or Salt Satyagraha, became a prime example of the power of Gadhis  satyagraha, passive resistance, which ultimately led to India’s independence 17 years later. Why a Salt March? The manufacture of salt in India was a government monopoly established in 1882. Though salt could be obtained from the sea, it was a crime for any Indian to possess salt without having purchased it from the government. This ensured that the government could collect a salt tax. Gandhi proposed that every Indian refuse to pay the tax by making or purchasing illicit salt. Not paying the salt tax would be a form of passive resistance without increasing hardship for the people. Salt, sodium chloride (NaCl), was an important staple in India. Vegetarians, as many Hindus were, needed to add salt to food for their health since they did not get much salt naturally from their food. Salt was often needed for religious ceremonies. Salt also was used for its power to heal, preserve food, disinfect, and embalm. All of this made salt a powerful emblem of resistance. Since everyone needed salt, this would be a cause that Muslims, Hindus, Sikhs, and Christians could all jointly participate in. Landless peasants as well as merchants and landowners would benefit if the tax were lifted.   The salt tax was something that every Indian could oppose. British Rule For 250 years, the British had dominated the Indian sub-continent. At first it was the British East India Company that forced its will on the native population, but in 1858, the Company turned over its role to the British Crown. Until independence was granted to India in 1947, Great Britain exploited India’s resources and imposed an often brutal rule. The British Raj (rule) improved infrastructure to the land, including the introduction of railroads, roads, canals, and bridges, but these were to aid in the export of Indias raw materials, carrying India’s wealth to the mother country. The influx of British goods into India prevented the establishment of small industries within India. In addition, the British levied heavy taxes on various goods. Overall, England imposed a brutal rule in order to protect its own trade interests. Mohandas Gandhi and the INC wanted to end British rule and bring about India’s independence. Indian National Congress (INC) The Indian National Congress (INC), founded in 1885, was a body made up of Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Parsi, and other minorities. As the largest and most prominent Indian public organization, it was central to the movement for independence. Gandhi served as president in the early 1920s. Under his leadership, the organization expanded, becoming more democratic and eliminating distinctions based on caste, ethnicity, religion, or sex. In December of 1928, the Indian National Congress passed a resolution asking for self-rule within the year. Otherwise, they would demand complete independence and would fight for it with satyagraha, non-violent non-cooperation.   By December 31, 1929, the British government had not responded, so action was needed. Gandhi proposed opposing the salt tax. In a Salt March, he and his followers would walk to the sea and make some illegal salt for themselves. This would begin a country-wide boycott, with hundreds of thousands breaking the salt laws by making, gathering, selling, or buying salt without British permission. The key to the struggle was non-violence. Gandhi declared that his followers must not be violent or he would halt the march. A Warning Letter to the Viceroy On March 2, 1930, Gandhi wrote a letter to Viceroy Lord Irwin. Beginning with â€Å"Dear Friend,† Gandhi went on to explain why he viewed British rule as a â€Å"curse† and outlined some of the more flagrant abuses of the administration. These included obscenely high salaries for British officials, taxes on alcohol and salt, the outlandish land revenue system, and the importation of foreign cloth. Gandhi warned that unless the viceroy was willing to make changes, he was going to begin a massive program of civil disobedience. He added that he wished to convert the British people to nonviolence and thus make them see the wrong they have done to India. The viceroy responded to Gandhi’s letter, but offered no concessions. It was time to prepare for the Salt March. Preparing for the Salt March The first thing needed for the Salt March was a route, so several of Gandhi’s trusted followers planned both their path and their destination. They wanted the Salt March to go through villages where Gandhi could promote sanitation, personal hygiene, abstention from alcohol, as well as the end of child marriages and untouchability. Since hundreds of followers would be marching with Gandhi, he sent an advance team of satyagrahis (followers of satyagraha) to help the villages along the path prepare, making sure that food, sleeping space, and latrines were ready. Reporters from around the world were keeping tabs on the preparations and the walk. When Lord Irwin and his British advisers learned the specifics of the plan, they found the idea ridiculous. They hoped that the movement would die out if it was ignored. They began arresting Gandhis lieutenants, but not Gandhi himself. On the Salt March At 6:30 a.m. on March 12, 1930, Mohandas Gandhi, 61 years old, and 78 dedicated followers began their trek from the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad. They resolved not to return until India was free of the oppression the British Empire imposed on the people. They wore sandals and clothes made of khadi, cloth woven in India. Each carried a woven bag containing a bedroll, a change of clothes, a journal, a takli for spinning, and a drinking mug. Gandhi had a bamboo staff. Progressing between 10 to 15 miles a day, they walked along dusty roads, through fields and villages, where they were greeted with flowers and cheers. Throngs joined the march until thousands were with him when he reached the Arabian Sea at Dandi. Although Gandhi had prepared for subordinates to continue if he were arrested, his arrest never came.   International press was reporting the progress, and had Gandhi been arrested along the way it would have increased the outcry against the Raj. When Gandhi feared the inaction of the government might dim the impact of the Salt March, he urged students to suspend their study and join him. He urged village headsmen and local officials to resign their posts. Some marchers broke down from fatigue, but, despite his age, Mahatma Gandhi stayed strong. Daily on the trek, Gandhi required each marcher to pray, spin, and keep a diary. He continued to write letters and news articles for his papers. At each village, Gandhi collected information about the population, educational opportunities, and land revenue. This gave him facts to report to his readers and to the British about the conditions he witnessed. Gandhi was determined to include untouchables, even washing and eating in their quarters rather than in the places where the high-caste reception committee expected him to stay. In a few villages this caused upset, but in others it was accepted, if somewhat reluctantly. On April 5, Gandhi reached Dandi. Early the following morning Gandhi marched to the sea in the presence of thousands of admirers. He walked down the beach and picked up a lump of natural salt from the mud. The people cheered and shouted Victory! Gandhi called on his companions to start collecting and making salt in an act of civil disobedience. The boycott of the salt tax had begun. The Boycott The boycott of the salt tax swept across the country. Salt was soon made, bought, and sold in hundreds of places across India. People along the coast gathered salt or evaporated sea water to obtain it. People away from the coast bought salt from illegal vendors. The boycott expanded when women, with Gandhis blessing, began picketing foreign cloth distributors and liquor shops. Violence broke out in a number of places, including Calcutta and Karachi, when police tried to stop the lawbreakers. Thousands of arrests were made but, surprisingly, Gandhi remained free. On May 4, 1930, Gandhi wrote another letter to Viceroy Irwin describing his plan for followers to seize the salt at the Salt Works in Dharasana.   However, before the letter could be posted, Gandhi was arrested early the next morning. Despite Gandhi’s arrest, the action was to continue with an alternate leader. At Dharasana on May 21, 1930, approximately 2,500 satyagrahis peacefully approached the Salt Works, but were brutally attacked by the British. Without even raising a hand in their defense, wave after wave of protesters were clubbed over the head, kicked in the groin, and beaten. Headlines around the world reported the bloodbath. An even larger mass action took place near Bombay on June 1, 1930, at the salt pans in Wadala. An estimated 15,000 people, including women and children, raided the salt pans, collecting handfuls and sackfuls of salt, only to be beaten and arrested.   Ã‚   In all, about 90,000 Indians were arrested between April and December 1930. Thousands more were beaten and killed. The Gandhi-Irwin Pact Gandhi remained in jail until January 26, 1931. Viceroy Irwin wanted to end the salt-tax boycott and thus began talks with Gandhi. Ultimately, the two men agreed to the Gandhi-Irwin Pact. In exchange for an end to the boycott, Viceroy Irwin agreed that the Raj would release all the prisoners taken during the salt upheaval, allow residents of coastal areas to make their own salt, and allow non-aggressive picketing of shops selling liquor or foreign cloth. Since the Gandhi-Irwin Pact did not actually end the salt tax, many have questioned the efficacy of the Salt March. Others realize that the Salt March galvanized all Indians into wanting and working for independence and brought worldwide attention to their cause.

Management and Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Management and Business - Essay Example So the hue and cry by environmentalists to create such regulations does not seem too environment-friendly, after all [Bhagwati (2004), p.137]. The infant food manufacturers, of these Nestle was specifically targeted by social organizations, contributed to the death of infants from less developed countries (LDCs). They sold their products to people incapable of using them properly. The charges were that many third world nations have contaminated water supply and parents dilute the formula to stretch the supply. The defence by nestle stated that it has never advertised to substitute breast feeding with bottle feeding and that It had actually promoted formula as supplement to aid nutrition. Since mothers in poor nations have deficiencies or their work schedule does not permit them timely feeding. However, despite strong protests against the infant formula controversy, these multinationals are still strongly holding their place in LDCs [Auscampus (2009)]. When government reprimands a fac tory, through its regulations, for dumping hazardous waste into river or destroying environment by its activities, the company can obey the government by cleaning up environment or upgrading its processes. Alternatively it may move over to some other country, the LDC, for its operation. The LDC requires revenue generated by the company but does not use any high tech environment protection rules [VEXEN Crabtree (2006), pars. 2-3]. Are multinationals getting more powerful than state governments The answer could be obtained by evaluating the financial strength and extent of employment generated by these. If the revenue of General Motors and Ford put together, it would supersede the GDP for all of sub-Saharan Africa. The car multinationals are directly providing employment to more than 20 million people and to a lot more in the associated industries. Today these are in position to decide the fate of government. The ownership and power is same with other industries also. Today two corporations control 80 percent of the coffee production of world; merely four corporations account for 87 percent of the world's tobacco industry, and two corporations--Boeing and Airbus have almost monopoly over civilian airplane production by having a share of 95 percent. The top 200 firms now control one fourth of the world's monetary activity. Among the top 100 of these, increase in total assets has been extraordinary. Their assets have gone up to USD 4.2 trillion in 1995 from USD 0.5 trillion i n1980. For example, the wealth of the food and retail multinational Wal-Mart, after buying Asda in Britain, has become more than 161 countries including Israel, Poland and Greece. General Motors is bigger than Denmark while Ford is bigger than South Africa [Morgan (2000), pars.3-5]. These multinationals are better organized than the states where they invest their money. It gives them power to negotiate and manipulate deals particularly in weak and developing nations [Kehl (2009), p.2]. The globalization is not only changing the powers of state, it is also changing the territories of the states. Ohmae [1993 as cited in Axtmann (1996), p.119-120] explained that global economy is

Technology effects on children Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Technology effects on children - Research Paper Example f the social media, which includes twitter and Face book have a negative impact on children, because they play a role in making them to waste time, and it also enables them to engage in unnecessary social interactions†. This is basically because it makes them vulnerable to criminals and pedophiles that are using the internet for purposes of taking advantage of them. However, it is important to assert that technological innovations are not used for purposes of social interactions, but it can also be used in the school environment, and educating children. For instance, the use of power point illustrations is an efficient and effective method of teaching children various concepts within the classroom set up. This paper focuses on the impact of technology on children who are between the ages of 9 to 12 years, and the ones who reside in United States. 2. Napoli (2011, p. 66) examines this debate and he asserts that, â€Å"There are people who support, and those who area against the use of technology in schools, and by children, and hence it is a controversial topic†. Those that claim that technology has a negative effect on children’s development and growth base their arguments on a number of findings, for example, anti-social behavior among children, poor anger management, health issues such as diabetes caused by obesity due to the over use of technology (Adamy &Milman, 2009). However, the opposing side bases its evidence on early knowledge development in children especially in technological fields, better coordination and quick reception and response which are better developed in children exposed to technology. Moreover, the use of technology offers children with hand dexterity, quick reasoning and critical thinking. It’s still obvious that people haven’t reached a consensus over this issue, and the society seems greatly divided over it. Philosophers have argued over the years and competed with each other in trying to establish the real position of the

War as a Strategic Tool of Policy - To what extent did the outcome of Essay

War as a Strategic Tool of Policy - To what extent did the outcome of the 1973 Arab-Israeli war serve the political objectives o - Essay Example Also dubbed as the Yom Kippur war and war that was fought in the Holy Month of Ramadan as per Islamic Calendar (White 2012 ), thereby it was significant not just on account of political rivalry but it also had the share and touch of religious affiliations from both ends. It did not engulf just Israel and Palestine alone, rather it entangled other neighboring parts as well, namely Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. Although numerous other wars have been fought before and after as well, yet it is considered to be one of the greater events of war being fought after the Second World War, based on the reason that it entangled a complete region and the other world powers as well. Keywords: Golan Heights, oil embargo, Suez Canal, military might myth, bi polar world. Thesis statement: A war that was won on field by Israel, yet by Egypt and its allies on political table, setting course for new diplomatic relationships, political domination and new alliances, and ultimately further increasing the impor tance of the Arab region in the world. Impact of the war: The war being fought in October 1973, had long term repercussions, it had its impacts on the geopolitical dimension, the regional peace, the coexistence with one another, the territories re distribution, the role of each of the participant and various other factors, in short, the war that lasted n more than a few weeks had its impact over the next many years to come. The cause of the war was the hostility between the two sides, with the Arab bloc blaming Israel for taking the places that originally belonged to the Arab States. To settle the scores once for all, the states decided to launch a decisive offensive against the common enemy. Major players and their concerns: The war had direct participants in form of Egypt that had its horns locked with Israel over the Suez Canal; Palestine though did not participate directly, yet it had their issues based on the holy land of Jerusalem which was long being claimed as the place of t heir religious affiliation by the both sides. Syria had its interest locked in form of Golan Heights (Dunstan 2007, 21). Hence the major players were Israel, Syria and Egypt. The main disagreement arouse from the 1967 war (The Six Days war) which had left Israel single handed winner against the Arab states. Aiming to level the score, Egypt and Syria had planned surprise attack against Israel catching it off guard. The element of Cold War: Although the war directly involved Arab states and Israel, yet it had its roots deeply drawn in the external agents. These external agents came in form of the two super powers of the then bi-polar world that was visibly divided into the Capitalist bloc and the Soviet Union’s Socialist bloc (Garthoff 2001, 326). The cold war that started off right after the end of Second World War was an unconventional war where the battles were not fought head to head, rather through proxies and establishment of alliances and allies in different parts of the world. The Arab world was also part of the same world and hence was under the direct interest and focus of the two super powers. Israel had the backing of Capitalist state America, and Arab States, and the Arab bloc, and most dominantly Egypt had the shoulder and support of Soviet Republic over it. The associated was not just limited to backdoor diplomacy and assistance, rather officially declared ties,

Romanticism And Realism Art And Literature English Literature Essay

Romanticism And Realism Art And Literature English Literature Essay The history of art and literature was developed under the influence of different intellectual movement, the most prominent and important of which are Romanticism and Realism. Romanticism was a complex artistic, literary and intellectual movement of 18th-19th century that appeared in Europe and was spread all over the world. It appeared as a reaction to rationalism and mechanistic aesthetics of classicism and the Enlightenment. It was one of the most complex and internally contradictory phenomena in the history of culture. Disappointment in the ideals of the Enlightenment, in the results of the French Revolution, the denial of utilitarianism of modern reality, the principles of bourgeois practicality, whose victims was human individuality, a pessimistic view of prospects for social development were combined in romanticism with the desire of harmony and spiritual integrity of the individual with a tendency towards infinity, the search for new, absolute and unconditional ideals. Sharp d iscord between the ideals and oppressive reality made romantics feel the morbidly fatalistic sense of indignation, bitter mockery of the discrepancy between dreams and reality. Specific of the romantic art is the problem of two worlds; writers of that time compared and contrasted the real and imaginary worlds. And the reality, the prose of life with their utilitarianism and lack of spirituality were understood as subhuman empty sense, which opposed the true world of values. Representatives of Romanticism sharply condemned urban culture and left it for description of the Middle Ages or nature. In the quiet life of countryside and simplicity they looked for the salvation from social problems of urban life, opposing it to a simple uncorrupted life of the province. Simple way of life was their ideal, and for example, William Wordsworth showed it in fiction. He set a rule to take a creative material from everyday life, to make out it in ordinary manner, using an ordinary language(Sutherland 125). In his Preface to Lyrical Ballads, he said that the chose an ordinary life because all components of it are natural and truthful, simple life does not contradict the beautiful and sustainable forms of nature (Wordsworth 6). As a real romantic writer, Wordsworth wrote a lot about people and nature. Conventional farmers are well represented in the ballad We Are Seven, and for example his Excursion Book is an example of magnificent descriptions of nature. At the same time, another outstanding representative of English Romanticism, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, the author of Ancient Mariner, Christabel and other novels, showed the strange mix of reality and fiction. He was the representative of English Romanticism, oriented on desire for the miraculous. Coleridge chose the area of events and characters of fiction and romantic genre, giving them human interest and a semblance of reality, which attracts readers. Such gradual transition from reality to pure fantasy is the main reception of Coleridge; it magically works in the Ancient Mariner, where incidents of an ordinary voyage transform to the area of wonders, where the natural and the supernatural merge into an indivisible unit. American Romanticism differed from European. In America, romantic ideas have contributed to the spiritual and aesthetic knowledge. Romantics argued that art more than science was able to express the truth. Romantics underscored the importance of art for people and the whole society. For example, in the essay The Poet, written by Ralph Waldo Emerson, one of the most influential writers of Romanticism, the author stated: All men live under the laws of truth and need a way to express their thoughts. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The man is only a half of himself; the second half of him is thats how he expresses his feelings (Emerson 109). Representatives of Romanticism criticized the reality, for example the works of American novelist William Howells The Lady of the Aroostook, Chance meeting show the strong influence of romanticism on the author. The novels of William Howells contain criticism of American reality, which increases and in later works even socialist ideas appear (Through the Eye of the Needle). Thus, the features of Romanticism in varying degrees are common for many artists. Romanticism is inherent in paintings and drawings of Swiss Henry Fuseli. In his works, grim sophisticated grotesque breaks in through the classical clarity of images. Also romantism is inherent in mystical visionary works of poet and artist William Blake and works of the late Francisco Goya, full of unbridled fantasy, tragic pathos, and passionate protest against the national humiliation in Spain. In France, it is inherent in created during the revolutionary years heroic portraits by Jacques-Louis David, early dramatic compositions and portraits by Antoine-Jean Gros, dreamy and lyrical works of Pierre-Paul Prudhon and also in the works by Francois P. Gerard, who combines romantic tendencies with the academic methods. The works of many later Western romantics are imbued with pessimism in towards society. The heroes of many romantic works (Franà §ois-Renà © de Chateaubriand, Alfred de Musset, George Byron, Alfred de Vigny, Alphonse de Lamartine, Heinrich Heine, etc.) were influenced by the mood of hopelessness and despair, which acquired the common human nature. The main themes of works sounded like: the perfection is lost forever, the world is ruled evil, the ancient chaos is resurrecting. The theme of terrible world was inherent to all romantic literature, and the most clearly it was embodied in the so-called black genre (in Gothic novel Ann Radcliffe, Charles Maturin; in the drama of fate or tragedy of fate Heinrich von Kleist, Franz Grillparzer), and also in the works of George Byron, Clemens Brentano, Ernst Theodor Wilhelm Hoffmann, Edgar Allan Poe, and Nathaniel Hawthorne. Realism was an intellectual movement, characterized by truthful and objective reflection of reality by specific means that were peculiar to various forms of art. During the historical development of art realism there were formed concrete forms of some creative methods, such as educational, critical, and socialist. Various realistic trends were expressed in different types and genres of art. Hence, there were two opposite directions in the theory, one realism the desire of the art to reproduce, to show the reality truly; and the other idealism the desire of the art to complete the reality, to create new forms. And the starting point doesnt consist of real facts, but of ideal representation. The first American writer, who has fully realized the idea of realism in art, was Mark Twain. His work was developed under the influence of critical realism, which objectively reflected the American reality first in comic and later in satiric way (Licentiousness of Print, Running For Governor). The authors later works, such as pamphlets and satirical short stories (The man who seduced Gedliberg, The United States of Lyncherdom, Monologue of the king) show the true face of American imperialism. Henry James was also one of the brightest representatives of realism; he was one of the first in American literature, who spoke against the bourgeois banality of reality. Dissatisfaction of American way of life forced him to move to Europe, so many characters of his works were the Americans who emigrated from the United States (Roderick Hudson, The American). In the novel, The Bostonians he sharply and uncompromisingly criticized the U.S. reality that is the essence of realism. Many realists wrote prose narrative stories about the fate of ordinary people, the epic of private life. The most important realist novel of the 18th century were written in the UK (Daniel Defoe, Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, Tobias George Smollett, Laurence Sterne), in France (Antoine Franà §ois Prà ©vost, Denis Diderot, Jean-Jacques Rousseau), in Germany (Johann Wolfgang von Goethe). The most interesting fact is that very often the heroes of novels were not monarchs and nobles, but people of middle class the merchants, townspeople, soldiers, sailors, etc., showing them in everyday family life. There is also a need to mention that in the middle of the 19th century Realism changed. If the main characters of Stendhal, Balzac and Dickens could withstand adverse conditions, then European Realism of the 2nd half of the century represents mainly the alienation of personality, its leveling, the loss of character, will, the resilience of environment. It is particularly expressive shown by William Thackeray and Gustave Flaubert. However, this kind of alienation, partly in the UK (George Eliot), but particularly in Russia (Ivan Turgenev, Leo Tolstoy) resisted adoption of high humanity and the struggle for humane ideals. The depth of philosophical problems in the works of Tolstoy and Dostoyevsky, the widest coverage of social reality, compassion for the fate of the insulted and injured, the subtlety of psychological analysis made these writers famous. Summarizing, it is possible to say that Realism in literature and art was characterized by the wish of artists to depict, represent the reality as it was. Artists of Realism represented the life in the way the person actually sees it, using the forms of the life itself. At the same time, Romanticism is characterized by denial of current reality, the criticism of capitalist civilization, new forms of subjugation of the masses, reproof of philistine stagnant and limited parties of the bourgeois culture and spiritual life. Most representatives of Romanticism criticized the reality; they were unsatisfied with it and couldnt accept it. Artists of both, Romanticism and Realism left a great heritage their wonderful works of art.

Is College an Activity or a Lifestyle? :: Personal Narrative School Essays

Is College an Activity or a Lifestyle? Nikaurys and I became fast friends in the kindergarten Sunday school class at our Mennonite church. We used to beg our parents to let us spend Sunday afternoons together so we could play all the games we dreamed up. Our Sunday friendship continued throughout junior high and high school. Today I am sitting in a dorm room in northern Indiana, looking at walls covered with pictures of Nikaurys and I playing house under the coconut palms in her yard, the two of us at church camp, and our fifteenth birthdays. I have not seen Nikaurys since I went home for Christmas break last year. As time goes by, I feel like I am becoming more distanced from her because now that we are both in college, our experiences are very different. Yet I know that when I see her again, we will be able to talk about the common aspects of our college experiences, regardless of culture. My college experience in the United States is very different than Nikaurys'. When I go to dinner, the food service attendant greets me by saying "good evening, Elisabeth," as she reads my name off the I.D. card that she is scanning the value of another meal from. I smile, and politely ignore the fact that no one calls me Elisabeth. The Marriott cafeteria is busy with the 5:30 p.m. rush, so I wait in line behind at least twenty other people. Dinner tonight is a choice of soup and sandwich, mashed potatoes and gravy, or a salad. I load my antiseptic-looking plastic tray with chili and a grilled cheese sandwich and casually scan the crowd at the tables while I fill my glass with root beer. When I spot my roommate and a few of my friends talking animatedly at a table by the window, I carry my tray over to join them. The table is already full, but people stack their trays together so I can fit in. As I bite into my sandwich, the topic of conversation turns to whether we have set a record for the number of people around a table at the Marriott or not. Someone claims that the record number is thirteen, but after several minutes of loud arguments, we decide that it would be impossible to fit that many people in. At her home in Santo Domingo, my friend Nikaurys' dinner is much quieter affair.